Lost iN The Beat

I was searching for where __linux__ is define and come across gcc command which details about it. To check all the compiler define symbols use the command

gcc -dM -E – < /dev/null

Sample output on my Ubuntu 8.10 x86_64 machine results

#define __DBL_MIN_EXP__ (-1021)
#define __FLT_MIN__ 1.17549435e-38F
#define __DEC64_DEN__ 0.000000000000001E-383DD
#define __CHAR_BIT__ 8
#define __WCHAR_MAX__ 2147483647
#define __GCC_HAVE_SYNC_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_1 1
#define __GCC_HAVE_SYNC_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_2 1
#define __GCC_HAVE_SYNC_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_4 1
#define __DBL_DENORM_MIN__ 4.9406564584124654e-324
#define __GCC_HAVE_SYNC_COMPARE_AND_SWAP_8 1
#define __FLT_EVAL_METHOD__ 0
#define __unix__ 1
#define __x86_64 1
#define __DBL_MIN_10_EXP__ (-307)
#define __FINITE_MATH_ONLY__ 0
#define __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__ 2
#define __DEC64_MAX_EXP__ 384
#define __SHRT_MAX__ 32767
#define __LDBL_MAX__ 1.18973149535723176502e+4932L
#define __UINTMAX_TYPE__ long unsigned int
#define __linux 1
#define __DEC32_EPSILON__ 1E-6DF
#define __unix 1
#define __LDBL_MAX_EXP__ 16384
#define __linux__ 1
#define __SCHAR_MAX__ 127
#define __DBL_DIG__ 15
#define _FORTIFY_SOURCE 2
#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 4
#define __SIZEOF_POINTER__ 8
#define __USER_LABEL_PREFIX__
#define __STDC_HOSTED__ 1
#define __LDBL_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __FLT_EPSILON__ 1.19209290e-7F
#define __LDBL_MIN__ 3.36210314311209350626e-4932L
#define __DEC32_MAX__ 9.999999E96DF
#define __SIZEOF_LONG__ 8
#define __DECIMAL_DIG__ 21
#define __gnu_linux__ 1
#define __LDBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __GNUC__ 4
#define __MMX__ 1
#define __FLT_HAS_DENORM__ 1
#define __SIZEOF_LONG_DOUBLE__ 16
#define __DBL_MAX__ 1.7976931348623157e+308
#define __DBL_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __DEC32_MIN_EXP__ (-95)
#define __LDBL_HAS_DENORM__ 1
#define __DEC128_MAX__ 9.999999999999999999999999999999999E6144DL
#define __DEC32_MIN__ 1E-95DF
#define __DBL_MAX_EXP__ 1024
#define __DEC128_EPSILON__ 1E-33DL
#define __SSE2_MATH__ 1
#define __amd64 1
#define __LONG_LONG_MAX__ 9223372036854775807LL
#define __SIZEOF_SIZE_T__ 8
#define __SIZEOF_WINT_T__ 4
#define __GXX_ABI_VERSION 1002
#define __FLT_MIN_EXP__ (-125)
#define __DBL_MIN__ 2.2250738585072014e-308
#define __LP64__ 1
#define __DECIMAL_BID_FORMAT__ 1
#define __DEC128_MIN__ 1E-6143DL
#define __REGISTER_PREFIX__
#define __DBL_HAS_DENORM__ 1
#define __NO_INLINE__ 1
#define __FLT_MANT_DIG__ 24
#define __VERSION__ “4.3.2″
#define __DEC64_EPSILON__ 1E-15DD
#define __DEC128_MIN_EXP__ (-6143)
#define unix 1
#define __SIZE_TYPE__ long unsigned int
#define __DEC32_DEN__ 0.000001E-95DF
#define __ELF__ 1
#define __FLT_RADIX__ 2
#define __LDBL_EPSILON__ 1.08420217248550443401e-19L
#define __SSE_MATH__ 1
#define __k8 1
#define __SIZEOF_PTRDIFF_T__ 8
#define __x86_64__ 1
#define __FLT_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __FLT_MAX_10_EXP__ 38
#define __LONG_MAX__ 9223372036854775807L
#define __FLT_HAS_INFINITY__ 1
#define __DEC64_MAX__ 9.999999999999999E384DD
#define __DEC64_MANT_DIG__ 16
#define __DEC32_MAX_EXP__ 96
#define linux 1
#define __DEC128_DEN__ 0.000000000000000000000000000000001E-6143DL
#define __SSE2__ 1
#define __LDBL_MANT_DIG__ 64
#define __DBL_HAS_QUIET_NAN__ 1
#define __k8__ 1
#define __WCHAR_TYPE__ int
#define __SIZEOF_FLOAT__ 4
#define __DEC64_MIN_EXP__ (-383)
#define __FLT_DIG__ 6
#define __INT_MAX__ 2147483647
#define __amd64__ 1
#define __FLT_MAX_EXP__ 128
#define __DBL_MANT_DIG__ 53
#define __DEC64_MIN__ 1E-383DD
#define __WINT_TYPE__ unsigned int
#define __SIZEOF_SHORT__ 2
#define __SSE__ 1
#define __LDBL_MIN_EXP__ (-16381)
#define __LDBL_MAX_10_EXP__ 4932
#define __DBL_EPSILON__ 2.2204460492503131e-16
#define _LP64 1
#define __SIZEOF_WCHAR_T__ 4
#define __DEC_EVAL_METHOD__ 2
#define __INTMAX_MAX__ 9223372036854775807L
#define __FLT_DENORM_MIN__ 1.40129846e-45F
#define __FLT_MAX__ 3.40282347e+38F
#define __SIZEOF_DOUBLE__ 8
#define __FLT_MIN_10_EXP__ (-37)
#define __INTMAX_TYPE__ long int
#define __DEC128_MAX_EXP__ 6144
#define __GNUC_MINOR__ 3
#define __DEC32_MANT_DIG__ 7
#define __DBL_MAX_10_EXP__ 308
#define __LDBL_DENORM_MIN__ 3.64519953188247460253e-4951L
#define __STDC__ 1
#define __PTRDIFF_TYPE__ long int
#define __DEC128_MANT_DIG__ 34
#define __LDBL_MIN_10_EXP__ (-4931)
#define __SIZEOF_LONG_LONG__ 8
#define __LDBL_DIG__ 18
#define __GNUC_GNU_INLINE__ 1

Posted under Computing

On a lazy Saturday; was looking to kill my time somehow and comes across with Windows 7, 30 days trial version, read some review @ lifehacker and like to see performance on my laptop with Core Duo 1.6GHz with 1 GB DDR2 533 MHz.

Last time I tried Beta version of Vista, was a real pity and I was unable to play a H264 DVD resolution movie that time. Before giving it a real go install it on VMWARE Workstation, installation was Read the rest of this entry »

Tags: Aero Desktop, CPU performance, Firefox, Lifehacker, Netvibes, NOD32, OS, Ubuntu, Ubuntu 8.10, Vista, VMWARE, Windows 7, XP

Posted under Computing

My Toshiba Laptop Equium A100 develop overheating problem over the time causing unexpected shutdown at random intervals. Following various guide over the Internet; I found it is only because of dust being accumulated in it.

On an all it was a dreadful experience opening it; as it got a handful of ribbon cable with a length just enough to make the contacts, so once loosed from its connections becomes a nightmare to put it back on.

Coming back to problem; I didn’t find any dust in it at first glance, was thinking of putting it back on and then decided to go with opening the heatsink attached to Fan/CPU, OMG surprise surprise the end of heatsink was covered with a thick 1.5cm-2.0cm of dust over its entire length of 6cm (See the attached file to check what I mean).

No point of guessing I clean that completely and the toughest challenge of closing the lid back. Make sure at this stage:

• You have ample patience of this world.
• Make sure you are doing it in Natural light.
• Have a good tool set; you don’t know what you need at which stage.
• A third hand will be a bonus.

My hands was in mouth after powering it back on I found the Wifi is not working (I was able to connection to my Wireless Router but there was not data reception was happening); to my luck it was only problem with router which goes off after rebooting the router.

At the moment, Laptop is working very less noisy and no overheating for last 45 minutes.

I source this file some where from Internet; might be helpful to someone.

Tags: CPU, FAN, Heatsink, Overheat, Shutdown, Toshiba

Posted under Computing

Gray sequence g[i], in which each element differs from the previous one in a single bit position can be calculated as :

g[i] = i ^ (floor(i/2)) for all positive integers i

where floor(x) denotes the largest positive integer that is less than or equal to x.

Posted under Computing

Implicit conversions are allowed when both of the following are true:

The compiler can guarantee they will always succeed.
No information is lost in conversion.

Conversely, explicit conversions are required when one of the following is true:

The compiler cannot guarantee they will always succeed.
Information may be lost during conversion.

Posted under Computing